[Validation of a Spanish version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form]. / Validación del cuestionario International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) en una población Chilena usuaria del Fondo Nacional de Salud (FONASA).

BACKGROUND: The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) allows the assessment of urinary incontinence management results. AIM: To validate the ICIQ-SF in a Chilean population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An approved Spanish version of the ICIQ-SF was applied in two opportunities (separated by a mean of 44 days) to 52 women consulting for urinary incontinence in a public hospital and to 25 asymptomatic female workers of the same hospital. Content validity, internal consistency and construct validity of the ICIQ-SF were evaluated. RESULTS: The ages of surveyed women ranged from 21 to 80 years. Internal consistency measured using Cronbach alpha was 0.87. Intra observer agreement, measured using pondered Kappa, was 0.84. 0.86 and 0.8 for each of the three components of the questionnaire, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This Spanish version of the ICIQ-SF meets the requirements to be used in the Chilean population.

Validación del cuestionario International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) en una población chilena usuaria del Fondo Nacional de Salud (FONASA) / Validation of a Spanish version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form

Background: The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) allows the assessment of urinary incontinence management results. Aim: To validate the ICIQ-SF in a Chilean population. Material and Methods: An approved Spanish version of the ICIQ-SF was applied in two opportunities (separated by a mean of 44 days) to 52 women consulting for urinary incontinence in a public hospital and to 25 asymptomatic female workers of the same hospital. Content validity, internal consistency and construct validity of the ICIQ-SF were evaluated. Results: The ages of surveyed women ranged from 21 to 80 years. Internal consistency measured using Cronbach alpha was 0.87. Intra observer agreement, measured using pondered Kappa, was 0.84. 0.86 and 0.8 for each of the three components of the questionnaire, respectively. Conclusions: This Spanish version of the ICIQ-SF meets the requirements to be used in the Chilean population.

El intervalo entre aborto espontáneo y una nueva concepción no afecta el resultado perinatal / Interval between spontaneous abortion and a new pregnancy does not affect perinatal outcome

Objetivo: Determinar la probabilidad de un nuevo aborto espontáneo en función del tiempo que transcurre entre un aborto previo y una nueva concepción. Método: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, realizado en Clínica Dávila y Hospital Parroquial de San Bernardo, entre enero de 2007 y septiembre de 2008. Se incluyen mujeres sanas, fértiles, con antecedente de un aborto espontáneo y que dentro de 12 meses posteriores a dicho evento vuelven a concebir. La ocurrencia de un nuevo aborto fue definida como variable dependiente y el tiempo entre el aborto espontáneo y una nueva concepción como variable independiente. Dentro de las variables de control se consideró la edad de la paciente, nivel educacional y la paridad. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple para determinar la asociación entre la variable dependiente e independiente. Resultados: 69 mujeres fueron incluidas en el análisis. La tasa de abortos observada fue de 11,9 por ciento. El 86,2 por ciento logró un parto de término con recién nacido sano. El modelo de regresión logística explicó el 50,3 por ciento de la variación de los datos. Los resultados muestran que por cada mes que transcurre entre un aborto y una nueva concepción el OR de un nuevo aborto disminuye en 7 por ciento, sin embargo, esta asociación no es estadísticamente significativa (OR: 0,93; IC95 por ciento: 0,72 a 1,2). Conclusión: En este estudio el intervalo entre un aborto espontáneo y una nueva concepción, no afecta el resultado perinatal.

Objective: To determine the probability of a new spontaneous abortion based on the time between a previous abortion and a new conception. Methods: Retrospective cohort study realized in Clinica Davila and Hospital Parroquial de San Bernardo, Santiago, Chile, between January 2007 and September 2008. Inclusion criteria: multiparous women with no chronic diseases, a history of one spontaneous abortion and a subsequent pregnancy within 12 months. The occurrence of a new abortion was defined as a dependent variable, and the interval between spontaneous abortion and the new conception as an independent variable. The control population was matched by patient age, educational level and parity. A multiple logistic regression model was used to determine the association between the dependent and independent variables. Results: The sample size was 69 women. The spontaneous abortion rate was 11.9 percent. 86.2 percent of the patients continued their pregnancy and achieved a term birth with healthy newborns. The logistic regression model explained 50.3 percent of the variation in the data. The results of this study shows that for every month that passes between a spontaneous abortion and a new conception, the odds ratio of a new abortion decreases up to 7 percent, although this association was not statistically significant (OR: 0.93; 95 percent CI: 0.72 to 1.2). Conclusion: In this study the interval between spontaneous abortion and a new pregnancy, does not affect perinatal outcome.

Dolor en amigdalectomía: técnica fría versus electrobisturí monopolar: estudio prospectivo randomizado / Postoperative tonsillectomy pain: cold versus monopolar electrocautery technique: prospective randomized trial

Introducción: Existen diferentes técnicas para realizarla amigdalectomía. Dentro de las más frecuentes está la técnica fría (bisturí frío, tijera y asa), y la técnica con electrobistrurí monopolar. No hay consenso que alguna de estas técnicas sea claramente superior a la otra respecto al dolor posoperatorio. Objetivo: Evaluar si la técnica quirúrgica (técnica fría-electrobisturí monopolar) repercute sobre la percepción de dolor posoperatorio. Material y método: Ensayo clínico prospectivo, ciego y randomizado. Se incluyeron 17 pacientes (34 amígdalas), mayores de 5 años sin antecedentes de riesgo, con indicación de amigdalectomía. A cada paciente, previo consentimiento informado y randomización, se le extrajo una amígdala con técnica fría y la contralateral con técnica electrobisturí monopolar. La percepción del dolor se midió con escala visual análoga (EVA) durante los primeros siete días posquirúrgicos. Paciente y familiares fueron enmascarados respecto a la técnica usada a cada lado. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias en la percepción del dolor entre los días 3 a 7 (p <0,05) y al evaluarse la evolución del dolor en función del tiempo, ésta fue mayor con la técnica de electrobisturí (sin diferencias significativas en los 2 primeros días). Conclusión: En los casos evaluados en este estudio, la amigdalectomía con técnica fría se asocia a menor dolor a contar del tercer día posquirúrgico.

Introduction: There are different techniques for carrying out tonsillectomy. Among the mostcommon ones are the "cold technique" (scalpel, scissors and handle), and the monopolar electrocautery technique. No consensus is available to define which technique is less painful. Aim: To assess the effect of the surgical technique ("cold" vs monopolar electrocautery) on post-operative pain perception. Material ana method: Prospective blind randomized clinical trial. 17 patients with tonsillectomy indication (34 tonsils) over 5 years old, without major surgical risk, and after randomization and obtaining an informed consent, received a tonsillectomy using cold technique and the contra lateral side was removed using monopolar electrocautery technique. Pain perception was measured with visual analogue scale (VAS) during the firstseven days after surgery. Patients and relatives were unaware ofthe technique used on each side. Results: There were differences in pain perception between day 3 and 7 (p <0.05). Assessing evolution across time, pain was higher with the electrocautery technique (no significant difference was found in the first 2 days). Conclusion: Based on our results tonsillectomy using cold technique appears to be associated with less post-operative pain, starting on the third post-surgery day.